The Pentagon described the 12 tests as:
"Purple Sage," carried out off San Diego Jan. 5-Feb. 3, 1966, using a simulant to show how nerve agent would behave.
"Autumn Gold," May 3-31, 1963, using harmless bacteria called Bacillus globigii. The test was carried out 60 miles west-southwest of Oahu, Hawaii.
"Eager Belle, Phase I," Bacillus globigii sprayed on ships west of Oahu in January and March 1963.
Eager Belle, Phase II," Bacillus globigii sprayed by aircraft on ships 175 miles west of Oahu in February, March and June 1963.
"Copper Head," used a simulant called zinc cadmium sulfide and Bacillus globigii, Jan. 24-Feb. 25, 1965, in the Atlantic Ocean off Newfoundland, Canada.
"Scarlet Sage," using Bacillus globigii. Also, the destroyer Herbert J. Thomas was sprayed with Bacillus subtilis, which is not known to cause disease in healthy humans. The tests were Feb. 9-March 4, 1966, off San Diego.
"Shady Grove," which used harmless bacteria and the more dangerous type Coxiella burnetti, which can cause Q fever, and the bacteria Pasteurella tularensis, which can cause tularemia.
"DTC Test 68-50" used staph toxin and dye as a tracer, plus Bacillus subtilis, with the USS Granville S. Hall and five Army light tugboats at Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, September and October 1968.
"DTC Test 69-32" used the Hall and five tugs in the period April 30-June 28, 1969, southwest of the Hawaiian Islands.
A bacteria called Serratia marcescens was used as a marker, but later that year its use in such trials was discontinued when it was found to be an opportunistic pathogen that can cause infection, though it is deemed to have only limited dangers. Also used were E. coli, one of the most common bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis.
"Fearless Johnny," a test that used VX nerve agent and a simulant for VX mixed with fluorescent dye. The USS George Eastman was the test subject and was accompanied by the Hall. Two light tugs transferred samples. The tests were carried out southwest of Honolulu in August and September 1965.
"Flower Drum, Phase I," in which both simulants and GB (sarin) nerve gas were used. The tests were in February-April and then August 1964 off the coast of Hawaii.
"Flower Drum, Phase II," in which VX tagged with a liquid dye, plus a simulant, were used. The tests were "during November and December 1964 off the coast of Hawaii."